The Advantages and Disadvantages of Having a Garden

You cannot imagine the number of people who do not want to buy a dog because they do not have a garden as they live in apartments. These people imagine themselves living in apartments their entire lives and find an alibi in that. Others hope to have their little house with the necessary garden soon enough and thus the possibility to raise a dog. The breeds this article refers to are small dogs like the Shih Tzu, the Bichon Maltais, the Curly Bichon, the Yorkshire and the Spitz. These are definitely not guard dogs, but rather little thieves that jump around begging for caresses and kisses. So do not think that these little dogs can be kept around the house to guard it, especially if you have not educated them to bark. They usually get accustomed to the neighbors, so pretty much anyone can enter your home. It's like with the sirens. They do not care anymore if they hear them often.

You should also know that a dog cannot live in a garden for too long if it is too cold or too hot. It is unthinkable to leave it there in unfavorable weather conditions. Those who do this (and unfortunately, they are quite many) can be classified as executioners of dogs.

The garden offers an immense advantage if you have a small dog in that you can train it outside without exposing it to excessive cold. In fact, this is quite a comfortable solution. The cleanliness of your dog may last longer or shorter, depending on whether it learns faster or slower. Cleanliness is indispensable. Your dog should enjoy this four times a day and also take a long walk.

A dog should have access to the garden whenever it wants once it is gets accustomed to it. Then it can play all it wants, sniff herbs, flowers and rocks, watch the leaves move, watch the birds flying around, cats roam here and there and so on. In addition to this, it looks at the people passing by and their dogs, but without barking if it is well educated (which is quite a difficult job). Then it just jumps around the fence wagging its tail.

Here is one thing you should remember if you have a garden behind the house: do not set up tall and thick hedges because your dog cannot see or hear anything and it cannot socialize with the dogs in the street.

However, something is missing: the walks! Do not think that having a garden is enough because you could not be more wrong. Your dog can even get depressed if it cannot smell its friends in the street, if it cannot socialize with anybody, if it cannot exchange a few barks with other dogs. The garden can turn into a place of punishment and sorrow for your dog if you do not allow it to play its role in the gardening activities or if you do not play with it enough. Find more dog advice online.

Also, your dog will get really sad if you leave it alone for hours.

All puppies need to take a walk every day regardless of the weather outside. They need to see other people, other dogs, smell thousands of different odors that only they can decipher and so on. They need to walk around town, at the countryside, in the forest, near the sea - anywhere! They also need to develop social bonds with other dogs in the neighborhood and to become part of a community. This way they develop a healthy and balanced mind.

Of course, you must educate your dog to march by your foot in a relaxed way. Also, it should be taught not to bark when it runs into friends, not to whine and not to cry. It should know how to behave when you stop to chat with another dog owner. Then everything will be just fine.

Finally, you should know that the size of the apartment does not matter if you want a small dog. You can keep a small dog even if your apartment is not very large. Everything a dog needs is you to be around, to play games with it, to hug it a lot, to take it for a walk on a regular basis, to feed it and to show your love. This is all it needs to be the happiest dog on the entire planet. You can also invite friends who have small dogs to your apartment from time to time. Thus, your dog will have a lot of odors to explore, which usually makes it very sociable and relaxed.

Casino Advisors-About Pineapple Poker

Pineapple poker is one of the best-known variants of poker, so let’s study it a little bit.

Description of pineapple poker

Pineapple poker belongs to the category of Hold'em poker games, being very similar to Texas Hold'em, especially in the course of play. However, it is quite marginalized from the poker tables and it is absent from the competition world. Pineapple poker is also known as watermelon poker. We shall see why this name later.

This kind of poker can be learned easily with the best casino advisors. You have to know that you can apply online poker strategy in this poker game.

The goal of pineapple poker

While pineapple poker is a variation of poker, the goal of the game remains the same as in traditional poker: forming the best five-card combination.

Rules of the game of pineapple poker

Close to the Texas Hold'em variation, here are the basic rules of pineapple poker. Up to 10 players can take part into the game. As for the starting hand, each player receives three hole cards. The major feature of this variant of poker that is similar to the Irish one is that each player must throw one of the three hole cards, hence the name "watermelon" in reference to the discarded maps. However, the card in question must be discarded before the flop. Finally, there is no requirement to use both of the remaining hole cards in your five-card hand. You can form your hand with five cards from the table or combine your private cards with community cards, depending on your tastes and strategy. The rest of the game is based on the classic rules of Texas Hold'em. The casino advisors can help you understand the rules of the game. Make sure that the online poker strategy that you will apply are within the rules too.

The sequence of the pineapple poker party

The cards

The player who has the "button" plays the role of the donor. He distributes three unrevealed cards to each player starting with the left player and going in the clockwise direction. While his neighbor directly to the left must bet the small blind, his second left neighbor must pay the big blind.

The pre-flop

The initial distribution of cards is followed by the pre-flop, which is the first round of betting. It begins with the small blind player and continues in the conventional clockwise direction. Each player has a choice between following the big blind, raising or folding when it is his turn to speak. The next step for each player is to separate the three hole cards, depending on the particularity of the pineapple game.

The flop
The customer burns the first card of the deck, which means that he throws it. He then distributes the flop, which consists of three community cards that are visible to all players. The players can use these cards to make five-card combinations. This is followed by the second betting round, the principle of which is the same as with the first round.

The turn

The dealer "burns" another card of the deck and reveals the turn card, which he places on the table. Then the third round of betting begins.

The river

The donor burns another card of the deck and reveals the fifth and final card. The game then proceeds to the final round of betting.

The slaughter or showdown

It is time for each of the remaining players to reveal their hands. He who has the best combination of five private or shared cards wins the pot (the winning hands in pineapple poker are the same as in traditional poker). You will undoubtedly hear about crazy pineapple poker. Do not be surprised because this variant is very similar to pineapple poker, but you should not confuse them. The difference is that in crazy pineapple poker, each player must throw the private card after the flop instead of before like the pineapple poker.You will not find pineapple poker games online. However, you should choose to play Texas Hold'em for training purposes before you run to the pineapple tables.

About the coffee

The beneficial effect of the brown beans has been known for a long time
Coffee - the word alone saves all of us from a variety of fantasies and musings. Coffee is the first thing we see in the morning. The record with regard to coffee consumption show that there Europeans consume no less than 6 kg of coffee per head per year. The Scandinavians, for instance, consume about 10 kg per capita every year. The British consume 2 kg per head, but that is no surprise because everyone knows they prefer tea.



However, few people know that coffee was used as a drug at the very beginning of its ascent. For instance, in Arabia, coffee has been known as a drug for 1000 years now. The Arab medical literature contains evidence that the so-called brown gold was used as a drug in the 10th century AD.

People only started to use the ground beans of the coffee plant as a stimulating drink much later. Europeans, for instance, have also been doing this for 200 years. The well-known Goethe gave his friend, the chemist Friedrich Ferdinand Runge, a box of beans in 1820 and it was he who discovered caffeine.
People who value only the taste of coffee and not the stimulating effect of caffeine should drink decaffeinated coffee. Caffeine is extracted with organic solvents, which are often suspected to be carcinogenic.
However, those who believe that scientists have found out everything about this stimulant are wrong. In fact, today they are analyzing the extent to which this hot drink slows down the occurrence of various diseases or even prevents it. Regular coffee consumption may protect against disease.
Known facts about the effect of coffee
Those who drink coffee regularly reduce the likelihood of developing Parkinson's disease (shaking palsy) five-fold.

Two to three cups a day prevents the risk of gallstones.

Coffee also decreases the risk of developing osteoporosis, but women should not drink more than 3 cups a day after menopause because the risk increases in these conditions.

Coffee can perform miracles as a home remedy if consumed in moderation, i.e. 2 - 3 cups per day: Many people suffer from low blood pressure. One can easily remedy the situation. Coffee expands the coronary vessels and stimulates the heart to pump stronger. Thus, the blood pressure rises gently.

One cup of coffee contains zero calories and is good for the face. A glass of milk with a teaspoon of sugar contains 39 kilocalories.

A cup of coffee after a meal increases the energy metabolism of the body.

Caffeine not only stimulates the brain and suppresses the feeling of fatigue, but it can also relieve headaches significantly, too. However, coffee should be avoided if you are having a migraine.

The beneficial effect of coffee has long been known in asthma patients. Many sufferers report that three cups a day reduced the number of seizures significantly. The cause: Caffeine also acts to stimulate the respiratory center.

It is a fact that coffee is a digestive stimulant. Many doctors drink coffee in the morning to stimulate the bowel function. However, it is not yet known exactly which substances in coffee have a laxative effect, but it is certainly not the caffeine although it seems slightly diuretic.

Studies have shown that caffeine not only keeps one awake, but also acts against anxiety and depression.
As with all stimulants, it is important to be balanced! Too much caffeine can cause trembling, sweating, insomnia and palpitations and can increase the cholesterol levels.
The different types of coffee
Weak coffee - thin coffee; you can even see the bottom of the cup

Cappuccino - coffee with whipped cream and some cocoa or cinnamon

Consul - black coffee with cream

Pousse café- coffee with brandy served separately

Café ristretto - extra strong coffee with a little water

Café crème - espresso with hot milk

Café royal - strong coffee sweetened with flamed brandy

Noisette - black coffee with a few drops of milk

Granita café - cold coffee on crushed ice with a topping of whipped cream

Flavored coffee - flavored coffee with syrup

Café orange - whipped cream, orange liqueur and coffee with sugar

Latte macchiato - milk with very little coffee

Irish coffee - Irish whiskey with sugar and coffee
Where does coffee come from?

The coffee plant originates in Ethiopia. It grows best in tropical climates. It is always green, has firm leaves and can grow up to 15 meters high. The pods look like cherries and have a deep red color as they mature. Each of them usually contains two coffee beans. The harvest by hand must be repeated several times per plant since only the ripe coffee cherries must be picked. There are 80 different types of coffee trees.

Russian Roulette

Russian roulette is based on the same principle as French roulette, but it is fatal. It involves a revolver and one or two men who bet their lives. The Russian roulette wheel is a revolving drum containing a single bullet.
Russian roulette is far more perilous than sitting at the traditional roulette table. The stake is one's own life. The principle is the same. A wheel is spun and the odds that the ball falls into the right slot are non-existent.

How does Russian roulette work?

 

In Russian roulette, the roulette wheel is the drum of a revolver. The drum is loaded with only one bullet and it is rolled. A shot is fired when the drum stops spinning. The peril in this game is that the focus of the gun barrel is someone's temple. Sometimes the target dies, sometimes they do not. There is room for five bullets in a classic revolver, so the risk of dying is 20%. Some traditional revolvers have room for 6 bullets, so the player's chances of survival are improved.

The history of Russian roulette 

 

Here is how the phenomenon of roulette first appeared in Russia. According to a myth about Russian roulette, it all began with the bourgeoisie. They were bored and developed the Russian roulette game for the sake of having an occupation. However, they did not get that rush of adrenaline, but rushed death.

Their version of Russian roulette involved that two combatants challenged each other. The challenger pressed the revolver against the opponent’s temples. If the opponent survived, it was their turn to shoot the revolver.
Another myth goes back to the Russian army, where officers wanted to prove their mental strength. It is also said that bored jailers also played Russian roulette with the prisoners as targets. They bet on whether the prisoner would survive or not.

Movies about Russian roulette

A movie about Russian roulette known throughout the world is “Deer Hunter”, which was released in 1978. However, Russian roulette was known in Sweden long before thanks to the film “Smiles”, which was released in cinemas in 1955. Even the television series “Heroes” includes an episode about Russian roulette.

Choose Your Jewelry According to Your Body and Personality

Do you have difficulties in choosing your jewelry? This article gives you some practical fashion advice on how to make the right choice and match elegant or trendy jewelry with your clothes and fashion accessories.
Here is some practical and useful fashion advice for you on what style or type of jewelry goes well with your face, your personality and your desires. There are a lot of different styles that stand out by their singularity. Here are some tips on what your wardrobe should contain and what style fits you and can help you always be in fashion and fresh. This article should serve as a source of inspiration.

Practical fashion advice

It is important to choose trendy and original fashion accessories depending on your style and your body. Thus, you can improve your unique style and create a unique personality.

The selection of jewelry

Whether precious or fancy, the jewelry you choose should make you shine and make you the most beautiful woman in the room.

How should you choose your jewelry?

Precious, fantasy, unique, unusual, classic or modern, jewelry is available in all styles. Thus, there is jewelry for all tastes and personalities.

How to choose your necklace

The shape and size of a necklace can lengthen your neck, refine your face and enhance the bust. The necklace emphasizes the neck and chest. Jewelry is all about a state of mind, so you should choose what you want to emphasize exactly.

V-shaped necklaces that fall flatten round faces.

Rounded collars are suitable for heart-shaped, square or rectangular faces.

Models that lie flat on the skin are recommended for women with a big chest.

Large beads or pendants make a silhouette look even more imposing.
As you can see, you have to choose your necklace very carefully.

How to choose ethnic jewelry

It is good to have ethnic jewelry in the jewelry box. This jewelry has a strong personality. Such accessories certainly do not match the rather classical clothes in your wardrobe. It is strongly recommended that you select real ethnic jewelry made by tribes or ethnic groups in the world instead of imitations that do not have style. Ethnic jewelry, like earrings or necklaces, should be matched with a tunic or a vintage dress. Your jewelry should have value, so only opt for beautiful and elegant items. You will see that you can create your own style in the blink of an eye.

How to choose your earrings

Earrings are ideal for illuminating the face and drawing attention away from some defects of the face that you would like to hide. The shape of the earrings must be in harmony with the shape of your face.

Dangling earrings

Dangling earrings extend the neck and face, lengthen the silhouette and add a classy and elegant touch. Earrings should not hang too long. They should not fall below the jaw. Long earrings should also be large. Otherwise, you should not buy them.

Creoles

Creoles are suitable for rectangular faces. Avoid impressive, circular and large earrings if your face is round.
Looping beads

Looping beads are a must have in your wardrobe. They are bohemian, chic and create a unique look that will highlight your face if you wear your hair up. The size of the earrings depends on the size of your ears. Do not choose too big curls. Opt for elegance and discretion.

Decorate Your Home with Antique Wall Mirrors

Lord Almighty has created many creatures that live on this planet and give the world a distinctive personality, so He is the brightest artist in the universe. Take twins, for example. They are supposed to be identical, but you will find many differences if you take a closer look at them. Could you have imagined that? Do you understand the large number of creatures or can you distinguish yourself? The brilliant reflecting glass mirrors give the best representation of one these days. Most mirrors are a representation of one’s old life. Today nobody cares about their history, yet most people are dependent on the mirror as it renders an image of their life. Therefore, the materialistic society has commercialized this product and given it different names. Thus, there are vanity mirrors, wall mirrors, make-up mirrors, hand mirrors, pocket mirrors, dance mirrors and many more.

It is really the nature of mankind to love beauty and to discover simpler methods to perform their daily routine. Think of what would have happened if fashion was not part of human life. Think of how ugly things and the world would have been. Human lifestyle would not have been very different from the animal one. Bad images stir feelings of madness, so this is probably God’s way of showing humans how lucky they are. This article focuses on some of the types of vintage mirrors available on the market, wall mirrors being in the center of attention.


As discussed above, it is worthwhile to include wall mirrors in the lives of men and women in this world that is growing so rapidly. Most people know that women are more aware of their health and beauty than men and that they are dependent on mirrors. Ladies spend most of their free time in front of wall mirrors and do not forget to use a hand mirror around the house or when on a trip. Mirror manufacturers have found a way to motivate the ladies and have produced all kinds of mirrors that they put in their purses and carry around. Thus, they can look good in all situations.

One can find variety of wall mirrors at outlets. These include framed mirrors in different shapes, sizes and styles. These framed bedroom wall mirrors are available at a huge range of prices. You can choose any kind of mirror you want. You can choose one to mount on your home or buy a pocket mirror to carry around at all times. Framed wall mirrors are usually quite expensive. The quality of the wood is usually very high and the frames are hand-crafted.

Some wall mirrors are equipped with modern facilities. These can also be found very easily in stores. These types of mirrors are perfect for the vanity purpose because they are multifunctional. Some mirrors are adjustable to multiple angles, depending on the individual’s height and needs. Some have a built-in lighting system, which is really useful.

Several other wall mirrors include more expensive cabinets and gadgets like hair brushes, combs and cosmetics. There are also tri-fold illuminated mirrors. These mirrors allow one to look at themselves from the sides and not just from the front as it is usually the case. There can also be some extra changeable side mirrors.

Online Roulette: 10 Questions - 10 Answers

What distinguishes online roulette from a roulette game at the casino?

First and foremost, the atmosphere is different. Also, you can play online roulette with other players, but you are still sitting alone in front of the computer. A major advantage of online roulette game is that most casinos also offer free roulette, which can be played with play money. In addition to this, you get bonuses at online casinos to play more often. Of course, as opposed to offline casinos, there are some conditions which make it more difficult to cash out your winnings obtained by playing roulette online. By the way, you can also play live roulette in online casinos - via webcam.

Where can you play online roulette?

You can play roulette both in online and offline casinos.
What makes the difference when choosing the right roulette casinos?
There are mainly two things: First, you should make sure that the casino has clever software. Second of all, almost all online casinos offer bonuses for new players which can increase their initial capital. These bonuses are usually obtained in the form of a percentage of your deposits.

What should you consider when playing roulette with bonuses?

Most online casinos do not allow you to use bonuses for online roulette games. It is important that you look at the bonus terms carefully and to gather information about them in advance.


Which online casinos are recommended for new roulette players?

Casino Club is one of the few casinos where you can use the 100% bonuses for playing roulette online. So you should play there if you want to play safe. This club is also recommended because it has the best roulette software at the moment and because all the players get a bonus of 10 EUR without making any deposit and thus without taking any risks.

What is the difference between American roulette and French roulette?

The zero! The structure of the table is different, but the zero is decisive because there are two zeros in American roulette, unlike in French roulette where there is only one.These are the basics of american roulette. As a rule, you lose your stake if the ball lands on zero, so your chances in French roulette are better, which is why most players choose this variant.

What about European roulette?

European Roulette is actually French roulette. So let's not confuse you!

Should you prefer to rely on a number or on simple chances?

The odds (even/odd, red/black, low: 1-18/high: 19-36) are much better with simple chances. You get your use back in the case of a win. If you bet on a number and win, then you receive a 35-fold return of your bet. However, the odds are very low.

What are roulette systems?

The large number of players who try out roulette leads to the development of a large number of roulette systems. These predict the slot where the ball rests with the help of the probability theory and thus you can always find a safe way to win at roulette.

Is there a roulette system that gives you maximum chances of winning?

The answer to this question is as simple as it is disappointing. There is no reliable roulette system that can guarantee you a win because roulette is a game of chance and you can never know where the ball stops. It is nevertheless quite instructive to deal with the most well known roulette systems and see what thoughts others have on the roulette game.

Floor Heating/Cooling Technical Details

The study of a installing heated floor is based on a number of intangibles rules:
The insulation should consist in foamed plastics exclusively;

The exposed pipes and related equipment (pumps, control valves...) must be insulated;

The thermal resistance over the tube is limited to 0.13 m² K/W.

Slab coating: 0.04 m² K/W.

Flooring: 0.09 m² K/W.

+ coating mass per unit area of ​​floor - 160 kg/m² max - to minimize the thermal inertia. The insulation should be about 7 cm thick;

Ventilation of the premises;

The average difference in temperature imposed during the construction or major renovation and every day to reduce the heat input to a minimum.

The device limits the flow temperature at the entrance of cooling system in the summer. The flow temperature is defined according to the geographical location.

The device is independent of the regulations that automatically cut the production of cold water when the fluid temperature reaches 12 ° C.

Thermostats are programmed not to go below 24 ° C.

Calculations in cooling mode

The coefficient of heat transfer through the floor is calculated so as not to exceed 7 m² K/W.
The transmission power:
An ambient temperature of 24 ° C; Delta T = 31 ° C; 18/21 W/m².

An ambient temperature of 27 ° C; Delta T = 49 ° C; 18/22 W/m².

An ambient temperature of 28 ° C; Delta T = 54 ° C; 18/22 W/m².
Note: Condensation is the return of water vapor in liquid form. The temperature descends below the dew point when the air comes into contact with a cold wall and the water vapor it contains condenses.

Floor heating: The pitch of the tubes

The heating network is called loop or ground.
There is a loop that adapts the heating system to the desired temperature.

The pitch (or spacing) of tubes ranges between 5 and 35 cm (statutory limits).

It is determined based on preliminary calculations of the heat necessary to cover the area.

The tube diameter should also be taken into account:

Common diameters: 10 × 12 mm, 13 × 16 mm, 16 × 20 mm, 20 × 25 mm.

Common sizes: 13 × 16 (120 m max L.) and 16 × 20 mm (160 m max L.).
Number of tubes: What is the right density?
The density (or charge) of tubes depends on the area to be heated.

In principle, the density is higher near the exterior walls and windows to offset the decrease in heat radiation of the cold walls (discomfort).

The density is lower in the rest of the loop so as to obtain an initial temperature as low as possible without reducing the level of comfort.

Sample reports:

20 cm in the middle surface: 10 cm edge.

30 cm in the middle surface: 15 cm edge.
A line must be arranged:
5 cm along the vertical structures (walls, fixed equipment...);

20 cm around chimneys, flues and stair cavities.

Note: In theory, the cooling mode requires a density greater than the heating mode because the tubes have to absorb the maximum amount of ambient heat. In fact, the simple solution often leads designers to base their calculations on the initial temperature of the heating fluid. They act on the flow and speed to optimize the refreshing capacity.

The types of installation of underfloor heating systems
There are two principles:
Coil loops;

Snail loops.
In the past, snail loops guaranteed a better distribution of heat (limited losses) in little or poorly insulated buildings. However, today coil loops are more popular because of the softer thermal requirements and the simplicity of implementation.

Note: An edge of 5 cm is the maximum conceivable with a snail loop, which raises the tubes in a quarter-round bow (90 °). The half-round bending (180 °) of the coils is virtually impossible to achieve with the current tube diameters.

Underfloor heating: The layout plan

The layout plan embodies the thorough study of the heating system. It is reproduced to scale for each floor and piece. To this end, the sheets are numbered in chronological order and contain the special features:
The type of installation

The red, blue return lines

The size of the step edge and surface

The passages between rooms
The location of the generator (boiler or heat pump) is also indicated, as well as the collectors and the temperature sensors (internal and external).
The nomenclature of each loop is indicated next to the plane:
The number

The diameter and tube length

The fluid flow

The surface emission capacity...
The main characteristics of collectors are:
The brand

The total thermal power

The thermal reference

The overall throughput

The reference speed

Note: The layout plan is provided to the installer, who must comply with the nomenclature.

The Need for Dog Training

Dog owners sometimes doubt the necessity of dog training for various reasons. Some simply do not want to train their dogs or the puppy is so cute and clumsy that the owner does not want to harm it in any way. And then there is the humanizing point of view. Some people claim that education prevents the dog from developing its personality freely.

Puppies are really cute and they generally do not harm anyone, but an uneducated puppy may turn into an adult dog with no limits and even quite dangerous in a remarkably short period of time. Therefore, it is very important that the puppy is taught some boundaries. A well-trained dog has much more freedom because it does not bother anyone.

The dog can be educated

Anyone who thinks that dogs cannot develop their personality freely if they are educated should understand that dogs are not human beings on four legs. Dogs do not strive for self-realization. They strive for having a safe place in their pack. The dog wants to make its own decisions because this gives it a sense of belonging. The same goes for wolves. Wolves do not make decisions individually if they are members of a pack of wolves. A pack is about more than unity. It is also about subordination. A dog owner has to let it dog be what it wants to be. They have to show it what it has to do and when it is allowed to do a certain thing and then let it make all the decisions by itself. Dogs are pack animals, not individualist animals.

Dog training is important for both dogs and dog owners

Dog training is important both for the dog and for the dog owner. The dog owner wants a dog which can act as a nice fellow and does not harass or disturb anyone, does not pose any danger to anyone and behaves nicely in everyday life. Such a dog can accompany a man at all times. The dog wants to be trusted, to be fully recognized in its pack and to always belong. The dog needs mental stimulation and physical exercise and it also needs to feel useful.

As mentioned earlier, dog training is very important. In fact, it is quite indispensable. The dog can only truly have that mental stimulation set into motion through training. A dog must always learn something if it ever wants to be the pride of its family because certain situations require for a certain type of behavior. The dog is physically romp and cannot do whatever you want if it is a burden and poses a risk towards someone in the room or to itself.

There are several reasons why dog training is important both for the dog and for the dog owner. Done correctly, it makes the dog (and its owners) a lot more fun, promotes its intellectual abilities and gives it an opportunity to prove its physical dexterity and stamina. Dog training gives the dog the confidence that it is an important and valuable member of its human pack.

Those who do not want to train their dog should not even keep a dog. One should be clear about the necessity of education before purchasing a dog. They should also be aware of the fact that this is a very time-consuming activity. Dog ownership is not a passive kind of job. It requires a lot of work. Anyone who is not willing to do this work will have problems with their dog sooner or later or will have to do additional work. Other than that, it is almost impossible to keep an uneducated dog for dog ownership means that the dog can always be around its owner and knows how to do things right.

Photographic equipment, travel, customs and camera buying abroad

The bags are packed and the next holiday is imminent. The joy is great, you will eventually recover and discover many new designs and photographs. You may be lurking in anticipation of some unpleasant surprises for the traveler with camera equipment. In the following, I would like to give some tips on how to save yourself as a photographer on vacation from a lot of stress and anger and so can devote yourself to relaxed travel photography classes.

Before leaving on vacation

 

Prior to photo equipment in the aircraft, you should already have thought at the re-entry to Germany, especially if you are planning a trip to the U.S. or Asia. The re-entry to Germany may lead to the German Customs to suspect that you have purchased its top quality photo equipment abroad and have acquired the camera equipment cheaper.


 The law actually likes to prove that as a photographer, one has the duty to buy his camera equipment in Germany, or even  import legally registered and taxed ones. One cannot prove this on the spot at the customs check There is a suspicion of smuggling, which means in consequence that the entire photo equipment is seized. It is needed to provide the proof of purchase in Germany. In this situation on the ground, this means the camera equipment may be confiscated. You have to go home, get all the bills, go back to the airport to submit the bills to get the camera equipment back.

In order to prove to the customs that you have acquired this photographic equipment in Germany, there are the following possibilities:

Invoices / Better: copies of invoices

 

You can carry all the statements of the individual components of his photographic equipment and submit when required. However, this is not useful, because in the event that one is robbed, invoices are also lost. The consequence may be that you get problems with the camera insurance, if required by the bills to settle claims. Moreover, the thief of the bills in your hand can claim that he has purchased the camera for sale, along with the bills.

It is better to carry copies of the invoices. These are probably recognized by the customs.

However, it is extremely annoying to carry a stack of invoices and invoice copies, even more so in a more extensive photographic equipment .

Simplified identity

 

The elegant variation is somewhat time consuming. The simpler identity issues is for each customs authority. It proves that one has bought his camera equipment in Germany. The photo equipment and all invoices may be taken to the next customs office at the airport by customs officials to spot a simplified of identity issue. This is free.

In order to facilitate the customs officials to work faster and to have a simplified identity, it is recommended to create a list of all photographic equipment with serial numbers that can be attached to the form of customs officials. (The form is very small) 

The advantage is that you must carry only one piece of paper with it. The disadvantage of the simplified identity is that it has a limited validity and, are therefore in principle, issued before each journey to the non-European countries.

The Gambling Treaty Costs the States more than 14 Billion USD

Lottery companies provided financial assistance in many areas. For example, they helped young sporting talents to go to the Olympics, they helped with the preservation of cultural monuments and supported youth orchestras. Whether this financial aid could be sustained for a long period of time or not was still questionable for in 2005, there were 5 billion USD were available in taxes and incomes, while in 2011 the sum decreased to 3.5 billion USD. This decrease was due to the treaty on gaming signed in 2008, which forced lotteries to slash their generous support.

Even if the revenues remained constant in 2010 and 2011, the revenue losses added up to 13.8 billion USD until the end of 2011, when the treaty was suspended. The treaty is important even with online casino.
A total of about 6.2 billion USD in taxes and duties were lost. These figures did not have anything to do with the decline of profits of lotteries and casino operators. Therefore, the lottery association called for an immediate reevaluation of the situation. Norman Faber, President of the Lottery Association, said: "The longer the misery is maintained, the harder it will be to stop the downward trend, let alone reverse the situation." The online casino are also included in this.

The treaty on gaming, which was legally and politically controversial, included significant advertising restrictions, a ban on internet sales and other restrictions in an attempt to combat the problem of gambling addiction. Although addiction experts assessed the risk of addiction to the classic Lotto 6 out of 49 and to the lower class lotteries, the treaty on gaming only considered their negative effects. On the other hand, the revenues from slots rose from 5.5 billion USD in 2005 to 8.1 billion USD in 2008.

"This clearly shows that the stated aim of the treaty, namely the avoidance of gambling addiction, is completely absurd," said Faber. Therefore, the lottery association required an immediate reduction of the advertising campaings and sales restrictions on innocent lotteries.

A forecast published in 2008 associated the total losses of revenue that started at around 5 million USD with the rapid decline in gambling revenues.

Class lotteries, casinos, lottery outlets and thousands of commercial gaming agents are threatened by the treaty on gaming and thousands of jobs are in imminent danger.

New Puppie: Are You Looking to Buy a Second Dog

You may be looking to buy another dog, but:

You are afraid to break the harmony in your home right now.

You are afraid to disrupt the first one, which is already a little older and has developed certain habits.

You fear that your dog will have aggressive reactions towards the little invader.

You assume it is going to feel abandoned and possibly develop a destructive felling of jealousy.

And you fear you may not be able to handle all possible reactions.
You need not worry. But, it is important that you are aware of the ticks on dogs and the ways of removing ticks from dogs.

First of all, your "senior" will be afraid for your life when you introduce your little home newcomer. It will try to chase away the puppy. This can last from 15 days to sometimes two to three months in extreme cases.
Do not change anything! Talk and act normally.
You should say No if the small one wants to sleep in the basket of your senior dog. Set up its own basket and teach it to sleep there. The two dogs should only sleep together in one basket when their relationships are perfect. Your dog should always feel "home".
If the puppy gets three to four meals per day, you must watch the senior dog not to try to eat its kibble. Similarly, the young dog should not eat the kibble of the old one. You should introduce the little dog to its own plate from day one. The two should get used to eating from their plates without addressing the other's. You should avoid overconsumption when you weigh the croquettes just to make sure that the two do not fight over them. Of course, the older dog must always be served first and the little one second. This is true when removing ticks from dogs. Ticks on dogs make them uncomfortable.

If you have a tray for peeing, you should not allow the little one to go to it whenever it wants. It should wait for the other to do its business.

Always grooming the elder dog first and reward it in the end as usual. Then groom the little one and reward it in the end. This way you can express your love towards both of them.

Make play a priority and comfort your older dog when it is sad. Avoid latex toys and solid and very noisy toys as they encourage it to play alone. Toys are very useful when you leave home.

The youngster will try to seduce the senior all the time and its facial expressions will bear fruit sooner or later. But do not be afraid of aggressive reactions of the older dogs. They will protect the young ones unless they bite with their small sharp teeth when they play. The elder will make a big roar to let it know not to repeat it and it will stop.

Cuddle your oldest dog first as usual and only then cuddle the young dog. Be moderately affectionate so that neither of the two feels discouraged or jealous.

The older dog must remain the leader under all circumstances. This is indisputable.

About celebrities

What do Udo Lindenberg, Johnny Depp and Queen Elizabeth have in common? Well, these three have a passion for a very special fashion accessory - the hat! And this passion is not as developed as part of any seasonal trends, or weather dependent. This passion has been seen on these three for years.

Let's start with Udo. Can you imagine any of the German flagship rocker WITHOUT his Bogart? I certainly could not. After the way has been kept for many years, Udo hid below a presumed bald. The musician revealed the secret in early 2011. A handsome, tanned Brazilian has ratchet due to unrequited labor of love with a knife straight across the head. No bad injury, but still a permanent scar. Udo cleverly disguised under a constant companion.

Our next hat wearer, Johnny Depp, was tailored for his signature role as "the best pirate in the world" really. Private Harry sees the sympathetic rarely without his Stetson. His cinematic alter ego Jack Sparrow, oh sorry, CAPTAIN Jack Sparrow needed pirate outfit, including bold-infamous three-cornered leather hats. And let's face it - without the selfsame best pirate, the world would still only half as sharp.

You see the Queen only rarely unguarded in public - and she never feels stuffy on the contrary! Remember only her get up once at THE wedding of 2011 between Kate and William! In addition to Kate's fabulous Alexander McQueen dress (and Pippa's much vaunted back) it was above all the sight of the moment. The 85-year-old Queen of England in her bright yellow outfit including matching hats left a mark on our fashion people. She looked great! Good style is not for sale - but the right headgear is!

GOLF TIPS: WIN POWER

One of the greatest pleasures of golf is to see the ball from 200 to 250 meters without it deviating to the left or right. You will find below tips to gain power and increase your distance.


Play with the bar for more power


If you want to gain power, imagine a pipe coming out of the ground at your ball when you are at it. Your goal is to bring the left shoulder (right handed) behind the vertical bar, and then behind your ball (as shown in photo) without moving the hips. Then transfer the right shoulder before the bar during the downswing. If you perform this exercise correctly, your weight transfer will be much more efficient and your ball will gain in length.


Hit the ball flat


Take the example of tennis: players who hit the ball with plenty of effects like Fabrice Santoro and Juan Carlos Ferrero have less power than those who hit for the dish as Andre Agassi, Jim Courier and Marat Safin. It is the same in golf, except that the effect given to the ball (slice and hook) tend to put the ball off the field and inside. You must hit the ball with the club to flat impact, in a position called "square" for maximum distance and accuracy. A technique for sure to get good square at impact is to verify that the club is at the top of the backswing. Here's an exercise that allows you to put this out: put your hands in front of the head making sure to have a good grip of course, then turn left shoulders up while remaining perpendicular to the ground. Reach the top of the backswing, observe a moment on the position of your hands and your club which are in the square position . By exercising this regularly, you will remember the position to be at the top of the backswing when you play on the course.

Stabilize your left knee

Powerful players come out to differentiate between shoulder rotation and hip rotation. As the shoulders turn a lot during the backswing, the hips should run a minimum. C, at the time of the descent of the Titleist golf clubs, solicited hips to come into, not when climbing (backswing). The hip action is linked to the movement of the knees. When the knee breaks or collapses inward, the hips turn too which makes an impossible good run. To improve yourself, make sure that the left knee (for right) is very stable throughout the swing , particularly in terms of the backswing. You will preserve the distance between your knees and ensure your rotations are synchronized.

Rotation for more power

 

Let's recap a bit: the key to increasing the distance of your shot is to minimize movement (or rotation) of the hips and maximize the movement (or rotation) of the shoulders . The best way to achieve this is to ensure that the left knee does not bend when climbing (backswing). Also, force yourself to move your left shoulder behind the ball to maximize your distance at most. You now have at hand the information needed to gain distance.

The RC 1209 in the test of Sigma Sport and Power Balance

Who wants to be more fit for the upcoming running events in the autumn? You can now rely on computers running the new "RC 1209" by Sigma Sport. It provides health-conscious and ambitious amateur athletes their running speed and distance to determine the distance traveled. We have a network of athletes tested.

Odometer and heart rate monitor in one

The athletes will have no problem, the completed connector can measure properly. Without appropriate training, one often only  have the Internet as a measure to determine the distance, and thus some very inaccurate information can be achieved. Remedy in such cases makes the 1209th RC sport computer, equipped with a new channel, and digital radio transmission good. It measures, besides the heart rate, the distance and the speed of the rotor. Since every runner has his own style of running, a calibration of the computer prior to initial use is possible. It attaches only a slow running computer and then a fast speed rotor. But how accurate are the calculations of the RC 1209? In order to know exactly, we have taken the RC 1209 under the microscope. Our testers chose a 4x1000 m unit, which he completed on the track. And the result is outstanding, all four units were over 1000 m from a few yards of the exact result.

Individual programmable RF Zone

Apart from the speed measurement according to the manufacturer of the chest, an ECG measurement of heart rate is guaranteed. Clock in the current, average and maximum are heart rate is displayed. The individually programmable RF zone can be divided into the categories of FIT, FAT or OWN (here, the limits are self-determined) rate. SIGMA seems to have done a good job in the sport. In several runs at constant speed, the pulse values were always in the same framework.

The beep sounds only when you set the RF zone above or below, it acts somewhat disruptive. This, however, can also turn off the settings.

Simple and understandable

There are many functions and many ways. This can quickly lead to many higher-priced watches for running the incomprehensibility of the key functions. The frustration is the product of SIGMA SPORT which  is not the case. In the test, you could even operate at faster running without any problems running the computer. Totals such as total calories, total distance and total run time will automatically disappear when activated. A good idea of the manufacturer, normally needs such values ?? only for training debriefing. During the training, these data would be on display, rather annoying than helpful. Class is that when changing the battery, the stored values are not reset to zero.

Additional clip as odometer

As a small addition of Sigma Sport, it delivers the RC 1209 with a clip to be attached to the waistband. Before you take the R3 chest strap and transmitter, this "Hip Clip" should be attached. Then, it measures the speed and R3 stations kilometer run, but no pulse values. A great alternative if you want a fast pass time or a short training session, is for you to tighten the belt on.

One must search long to the "RC 1209" which is something to hold against you, and if so, then it is only a trifle. Our network athlete tester was a little frustrated, as he pressed the middle of a training run, without realizing it, the button stopped.

Very good price-performance ratio

All in all, one can say: The RC 1209 is perfect for serious runners training for better detection or follow-up. Quite clearly, there are advantages of running computer even in price-performance ratio. Because with a price of € 99.95 together with the service received, the SIGMA is a clear competition. The "RC 1209" is the sporty look in gray and red colors.

Problems Related to Programmable Thermostats

What is a programmable thermostat?

Thermostats control the heating and cooling of homes. Programmable thermostats allow the residents of a house to change the temperature settings at night and during the day, when they stay home or when they leave home for work. Programmable thermostats help reduce the overall energy consumption.

A conventional digital thermostat regulates the house heating system at one temperature. For example, if you set the thermostat at 20 ° C (68 ° F) during the winter, the heater will activate when the inside temperature drops below 20 ° C and stop when the temperature house air exceeds 20 ° C.
A programmable thermostat contains an electronic clock. It can automatically lower the temperature setting at night when you sleep or during the day when you are at work. It can also reduce the temperature to a more comfortable level before you wake up or before you arrive home from work. This way, you can save energy by setting the thermostat lower without experiencing any discomfort while the house warms up.
In the case of an air conditioning system, the programmable thermostat can be used to raise the temperature. It then allows the house to warm up in your absence and return to a comfortable room temperature before you return.

What can go wrong?

 

Several problems can arise with programmable thermostats:
The first problem is related to the level of discomfort. One can be really uncomfortable if the house is cold during the winter. Parts of the house will be colder if you set the thermostat to restore the temperature to 20 ° C or 22 ° C (68 ° F or 71 ° F). This applies even if you schedule a daily drop in temperature after you leave for work, but you go home earlier than expected.

A lowering of the programmed temperature is ideal for people whose work periods and sleep are predictable. If your schedule is completely unpredictable, it would probably be easier to lower the temperature before going to bed or leaving the house using a programmable thermostat.

Roulette Tips and Strategy

There are those who say that skill does not matter in the game of roulette. Albert Einstein said "You cannot beat a roulette table unless you steal money from it." Not even the statement of one of the world's smartest men has stopped roulette fans from claiming that they can certainly improve their odds. Of course, there are strategies that can actually determine the situation in your wallet, but it should be obvious that roulette is played because it is fun and not because it turns one into a millionaire.

Roulette and bets

Where the little ball will land on the roulette wheel is obviously a matter of luck. This is not an element that can be influenced or predicted. Instead, roulette strategists focus on the odds. The roulette wheel consists in black and red numbers that can be combined systematically and methodically in order to increase the chances of winning.

There are many systems like these ones. The first thing a player who is looking to implement a system should do is to look for casinos that offer online roulette and roulette tournaments. There are plenty of online forums dedicated to the game of roulette where you do not pay a dime to practice a roulette strategy and get advice about it. Paying is really stupid considering the wide range of free online casinos available on the internet. Despite this, many people advise against the use of certain systems. It is said that strategies do not improve the game much and that it is much better to use some general pieces of advice.

You can play roulette and win if you learn everything about the game and the different variations. Different types of roulette have different odds. It is recommended to decide beforehand how much you plan on investing and how much you are willing to lose. A good strategy should help you not exceed your limits. Some choose to focus on one particular number, a certain color and so on. Such a system can prove to be successful if you are patient enough. Another good strategy is to watch the game for a while before starting to bet in order to see which numbers come out more often than others. Thus, you can choose whether to bet on these numbers or not. However, you should always avoid betting on number 5 since this number is known to have poor odds.

Choosing the right version of roulette to play

 

There are two main versions of roulette: European roulette and American roulette. In the American version, there are two zeros, so the house edge is increased. Therefore, a basic strategy is to play European roulette instead of American roulette. Once you have made this choice, you should check out the rules in use. "La partage" rule is always applied in French roulette. In this case, the player loses only half of his bet in case zero comes out. This rule and the "In prison" rule work in the player's favor, so always try to find a table where these rules are applied.

It is important to take advantage of all bonuses offered. If your bankroll grows, so do your chances of winning. Casino Euro, for instance, offers a generous 100% deposit bonus that can reach 100 USD.

A List of Wedding-Related Terms

PANTS FIRE: The bridal couple is on a field. The procession consists for example of monks who sing to themselves softly. The procession is led by a woman who does not know the groom very well. The monks form a circle around the bride and groom and the woman who is in charge can take off the groom's pants. The trousers are now solemnly burned and, as of that day only, may the bride touch the groom. To spare any trouble (because of the good wedding pants), the groom may change his pants with old ones (in the dark).

BEER MAT GAME: Coasters are spread on the floor of the room. Then the couples are determined to play against each other. Each pair will take a sufficient distance from the other pairs. During the game, each pair must take a beer mat and place it where the match officials say. All previously placed coasters have to remain where they are. Here is an example of the commands of the director: “The men are now taking a beer mat. Wait until everyone is ready. The lid is now being stowed under a lady’s shoulder. Now the ladies take a beer mat and put between in the man’s buttocks. The couples can be tied in this game and, in that case, anyone who falls off is eliminated.

BROOM DANCE: There are twelve volunteer couples. Then, you play music and the couples have to dance with a broom handle. When the music stops, the couple separates. Of course, no pair can refuse the item or they are thrown to the ground. The outgoing couple comes to the bridal couple holding twelve cards with the months of the year in their hand (January - December). The couple can choose a month. An activity is written on the back and the just-retired couple must do it. For example, you can have wine tasting in September or kiting (a seasonal activity and for the couple to be free, they are invited by the retired couple). This cycle is repeated until all the cards are gone (and, logically, all twelve pairs). This ensures that the couple is invited to a fun activity every month for one year.

GUESTBOOK: Some wedding guests even make a guestbook. You can have little pieces of paper with the names of prominent people or characters from history and they can draw comics and so on, (e.g. Huey, Dewey and Louie or Winnetou and Old Shatterhand and so on). The guests who draw these characters and taken to a side room and then covered with a few props. Then, they are brought “on stage”. They are then photographed and there is album signing (pen name and real name) after gluing the photos in the album. This is how you can hold on to all the nice memories during the wedding at a hotel like Edinburgh Balmoral.

JOURNEY TO JERUSALEM: One seeks voluntary (or involuntary) wedding guests and then sets chairs in the middle of the dance floor. For example, you have twelve guests. Then, you take eleven chairs. You play music while the guests walk around the chairs. If the music is over, an object is named (e.g. a shoe, an identity card, clean plates, a wedding ring, fruit, toilet paper, aspirin, etc.) and the players have to find such an object (it cannot be their own – it must belong to other wedding guests). You have to make sure that the players return in the heat of battle after each round. You can prepare cards and the one who is out draws one. They may also have tasks on them. For instance, the player must bring a bouquet of flowers on the first weekend of the following month and so on. 

HOUSEHOLD RAFFLE: A few items are secretly taken from the home of the couple (e.g. a picture or a souvenir, the hamster cage, the favorite shoes...). Then, a quiz is held with questions that are so difficult that they cannot answer – questions which are prepared by wedding guests. They receive one of the stolen items as a prize for each question answered (Of course, the guests must be clear that they must return the items afterwards).

Winning at Bingo

Tips to win

Several online gambling sites offer the opportunity to play Bingo. It is a game of chance and has a strategy that may seem strange. But there is no harm in having a few tricks in my pocket to win quickly. Some professionals suggest gambling examples to note all the numbers already out and that they believe are less likely to recur. For others, it makes more sense to bring boxes with an equal distribution of numbers.


Online Bingo Strategies

Playing online Bingo is easier than real in person play. To win the jackpot:

It is best to wait until the jackpot is an amount high enough to have a better chance of winning

It is advisable also to play during off hours when the opponents are few. The fewer participants, the better your chances are.

If you have the means, grab - several boxes. Online you can buy more expensive boxes for better luck

Ask about how well the game room operates.
Technique to gain ground

Choose the most rooms with the fewest players. You can play with single or multiple cards, the most important is just to have your own strategy and be very attentive to the game.

No Deposit Bonus

 

How to play free online Bingo?


The free online Bingo is the perfect way to improve your game but also to control the different strings. This gives the player time to learn to play free Bingo and then play for money when they are more comfortable and efficient. To play free Bingo online, you must register on a site that offers a no deposit bonus. Then you select the numbers you want and you mark them on your cards. As in the live version, numbers are drawn and when you complete a line, it lights up and you win.
Best online Bingo halls

There are many sites online that offer online Bingo. Here are the best game rooms:

Online Bingo offers its players € 10 no deposit bonus

StarGames that gives its members an included bonus of up to € 100

Scratch2Cash: bonus of € 5 is possible to increase its deposit 100%
Disadvantages of Online Bingo

As in any game of chance, the addiction is the main danger. Play for free but receive little in return for bonuses that can increase throughout the game can make a player get hooked. Sometimes players come to not knowing their limits and keep in mind the idea of making money. The key in any game is to know when to stop at the right time. Bingo is a fun game but we need to indulge in moderation.
              

LBB Visa Prepaid Card

The LBB in Visa Prepaid Card

LBB Landesbank Berlin prepaid Visa card offers an extensive range of services with full cost control.
The application for the prepaid credit card does not need a credit report or other proof of income.
Therefore, the LBB Visa Prepaid card is ideal for people who belong to the Hartz IV and have negative SCHUFA.
The LBB is a Visa Prepaid card for only €39.00 a year. The performance of the THESE prepaid credit cards is not very different to those of a normal credit card.
You can pay with this, also you can look forward to interest at a rate of up to 1.00% pa, so that your balance grows from the first euro.
The advantages in the LBB Visa Card

Only €39 annual fee

Without Schufa information or credit query

Credit card for every person

Up to 1.00% pa interest on balances

More than 32 million acceptance locations worldwide

More than 1.6 million ATMs worldwide

Unlimited charge

Online access to card account

Simply deposit by bank transfer

Individual card design

Terms of the LBB Visa Prepaid Card

The advantages of the LBB Visa Prepaid Card

Since the free schufa credit card works on a credit basis, each has the ability to benefit from a Visa credit card. Enjoy the world of financial freedom without a track of your own finances. The low card fees, and the attractive interest rate credit cards round out the lucrative offer of Landesbank Berlin.
LBB Visa Prepaid Card

General

Issuing bank                                                    LBB

Description                                                      Visa Prepaid Card

Credit card company                                      VISA

Card Type                                                       Prepaid Credit Card

Number of Merchants                                     32 million

Checking account included / required?          no

Own card design possible?                             Yes

LBB Visa Prepaid Card

Basic fees

Credit card

First fee Year for credit card                          € 39.00

Fee from 2 Year for credit card                      € 39.00



Costs for partner card                                     € 0.00

Cost for replacement card                               € 10.00

Cost for own card design                               € 9.99
LBB Visa Prepaid Card

Credit and debit interest rates

Credit card

Credit interest on your credit card account   

Rate     To balance

1.00%  € 24,999.00

0.75%  € 9,999.00

0.50% 

0.50%  € 1,999.00

Nominal interest rate on the credit card account        0.00% *

* Borrowing rate at the line of credit, variable interest rate, loan amount depends on personal credit, quarterly billing
LBB Visa Prepaid Card

Use charges

Daily limit

Daily limit on cash payments                          no limit

Daily limit for cash withdrawal at home        € 10,000.00

Daily limit for cash withdrawals abroad         € 10,000.00

Charges for cash withdrawals at

- Institute internal ATM                                  No institution in ATM available

- Other cash machines in Germany                 1.00% min. € 5.00

- Other ATMs abroad                                     € 0.00

Charges for non-cash payments

- In the euro area                                             € 0.00

- In other foreign countries                             1.00%

Tag around the coffee

Alkaloids-Nitrogen-containing substances in various plants such as coffee, tea, etc. Caffeine is a known alkaloid.

Arabica-Arabica and Robusta are the most famous coffees. The Arabica is the older variety, it is considered the more refined and aromatic and contains less caffeine. The share of world trade is 70-75%. Arabica places high demands on climate, soil and care.

Barista-The workplace of the Barista is a coffee bar. There, he is the specialist for the preparation of the most diverse espresso based coffee drinks.

Blending-The mixing of different varieties of beans, roast and countries of origin. 

Blue Mountain-"Jamaica Blue Mountain" is one of the best and most expensive coffees in the world. This arabica coffee is grown in up to 2,100 meters high Blue Mountains of the Caribbean island of Jamaica.    

Cappuccino-Italian specialty coffee: espresso is mixed with each in three equal parts with hot milk and milk foam.           

Coffea Arabica-Tastier varieties which are grown mainly in the highlands, less resistant than Robusta.     

Coffea canephora (Robusta)-More resistant coffee, cultivated in lower altitudes. 30% of world coffee production accounts for this variety.        

Crema-            Crema is the light brown, fine-pored, foamy layer.   

Caffeine-Is an alkaloid, these are nitrogen-containing natural substances with a stimulating effect which is found incoffee, tea and other plants.           

Costa Rica-Excellent qualities come from this country in which the cultivation is prohibited from Robusta.         




Decaffeinated Coffee-Coffee which the caffeine was removed by organic solvents. Only residual amounts remains.           

Espresso-Typical Italian specialty coffee

Proteins-The protein content (proteins) in green coffee is about 11%.                     

Fermentation-The fruit slime residue is dissolved in a 15-30 hours of fermentation process of the beans.  

Fats-10 to 13% of the constituents of green coffee is made of fats.  .         

Freeze-drying-A production method to manufacture  soluble coffee. Here, the extract is frozen, then its water is lost by sublimation.           

Highland Coffee- The highland coffees are exclusively Arabica varieties. They mature in more than 1200 meters above sea level and are characterized by a particularly fine acidity and excellent taste.      

Instant coffee-Soluble coffee, which can be prepared by the addition of water.     

Kaffa-A province in present-day Ethiopia, which is located in the Ethiopian highlands. Regarded as the original home and also named the coffee.      

Coffee bean-The seeds of the coffee tree. Is characterized by the typical furrow. In the coffee cherry, there are two seeds (beans) with their flattened sides tightly pressed together.                 

Coffee berry-When you think of coffee, usually the brown color of roasted beans come to mind. During the maturation phase, the cherry undergoes color changes from green to yellow and from yellow to red.        

Coffee Shops-The first coffee houses were established in Mecca under the name Kaveh Kanes. The first coffee house in Europe opened in 1683 in Venice.  

Latte macchiato (spotted milk Italian)-A three-stage variant Cappuccino

Wet Processing-When treatment is meant for the removal of the coffee beans from the fruit shell.

Vellum envelope-Thin, pale yellow skin that surrounds the two  silvery enclosed seeds (coffee beans) of the coffee cherry.

Peaberries-If the coffee cherry has only one bean instead of 2, it is called or Perlkaffee Caracolito. They are sorted out in the preparation and traded as a separate group.          

Picking-The selective harvest method  in which only the ripe red coffee cherries are handpicked. 

Pulper-Is a machine for cutting of coffee cherries and coffee seeds (beans).                       

Robusta-Robusta differs from the Arabica coffee plant by their resistance to plant diseases. It tolerates high heat and high humidity. The cultivation takes place in the tropical plains to a height of 900 meters. Robusta beans are round with a straight score, and significantly smaller than Arabica beans.             

Roasting-The most important step in coffee processing in which the raw coffee beans are totally chemically altered to develop their unique aroma.          

Acids-Are also among the ingredients of the coffee bean, which has an acidity of 4-5%. So far about 83 have been identified in the bean.

Strictly Hard Bean-Costa Rica highland coffee is called SHB: Strictly Hard Bean. This means that this coffee was grown at altitudes over 1200 m and are among the finest cutting-edge products in the world.       

Spray drying-The traditional drying method for the production of soluble (Istant) used coffee, which the beans are almost completely removed of moisture.       

Stripping-The faster and cheaper method than harvest by picking method. In each case, all the fruits are stripped from a plant, whether mature, immature or overripe.

Central America-In most countries of Central America and the Caribbean islands, the cultivation of coffee has a major role in economy and trade.